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A significant number of fires and explosions that occur in industry has static electricity as cause. In dust explosion occurrences, the available investigations reveal that 9% of them had static sparking as ignition source; and this amount rises to 35% in case of polymeric powders.<\/p>\n
From the electrification of liquids, powders, solids and non-conductive coatings can result both the ignition risk as the physical shock. The ideal solution for solids and coatings is the usage of electricity conductive non-metallic material. Should these materials are not commercially available in all required forms, it is necessary to evaluate the possibility of non-conductive elements discharge, at any situation in which they shall be used. In particular, one should consider the possibility of high-energy discharges from the content of non-conductor containers. Understanding the charge generation process, we can control and\/or eliminate this hazard through appropriate measures such as sizing, earthing, conductive non-metallic materials, ionization, etc.<\/p>\n
As a rule, the necessary assessments can be made in a qualitative or semi-quantitative way; but they can be more accurate and produce more effective protection measures if there are suitable data about the behavior of the system at issue. This implies a more specialized assessment, with laboratory tests to determine, for example, resistivity, charge decay, minimum ignition energy or explosion behavior.<\/p>\n
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